Which physiological systems are primarily affected by resistance training?

Resistance training primarily affects the muscular, skeletal, and nervous systems, making option B the correct choice.

The muscular system is directly impacted during resistance training, as the muscles undergo stress that leads to hypertrophy (growth) and increased strength. This process occurs through muscle fiber recruitment and adaptation, enhancing the overall capability of muscles to generate force.

The skeletal system benefits from resistance training as well. When subjected to the forces exerted during weightlifting, bones respond by increasing bone density and strength. This adaptation is crucial for overall skeletal health and can help prevent conditions such as osteoporosis.

The nervous system plays a vital role in resistance training through improved neuromuscular coordination. Training enhances the communication between the brain and muscles, leading to better motor control and the ability to recruit more muscle fibers during movement. This neuromuscular efficiency results in increased strength and better performance.

Other options include systems like the cardiovascular or respiratory, which are influenced by resistance training but to a lesser extent compared to the primary systems listed in the correct answer. The digestive and endocrine systems may also experience indirect effects from resistance training, but they are not the primary systems being targeted or adapted during such training.